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辦公家具中的五金 五金”概念屬通俗說法，標準分類應劃分為黑色金屬和有色金屬兩大類，它在家具中運用有管狀、棒狀、板狀、線、角狀幾種。 辦公家具中的黑色金屬件 主要(yao)指鐵制品(pin)，它優點是(shi)：耐變形、強度(du)特高、耐磨性好、硬度(du)高、價格低(di)(di)，壽(shou)命長。屬碳素鐵合金，它分高碳鋼、低(di)(di)碳鋼、中碳鋼；它分圓管(guan)(guan)、方管(guan)(guan)、角鐵、鋼板(ban)(ban)幾類。圓管(guan)(guan)類主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)椅子類產品(pin)；方管(guan)(guan)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)梁、托架類；鋼板(ban)(ban)主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)臺(tai)桌的擋板(ban)(ban)、屏風(feng)板(ban)(ban)、掛(gua)件、托臂、金屬柜、門等。 鋼(gang)鐵制品缺點：易(yi)生銹(xiu) 體積重 怕(pa)潮濕(shi) 解決上(shang)述缺陷(xian)方法(fa)有(you)電鍍、噴涂、發(fa)黑發(fa)藍(lan)處理(li)等。 五金(jin)件加工成型方法較多(duo)：折彎、沖切、鉆(zhan)孔、焊接(jie)、切割、壓(ya)形。總之，按(an)設計要(yao)求或產品(pin)要(yao)求進行加工。 辦公家具中的有色金屬件 指(zhi)除(chu)鐵制(zhi)品(pin)外一切金屬件如：鋁、銅、鋅、不(bu)(bu)銹鋼等。它(ta)有一個特點不(bu)(bu)容易生銹、強度較黑色金屬差，家具中采用較多有：鋁板(ban)(ban)、鋁棒、不(bu)(bu)銹鋼管、不(bu)(bu)銹鋼板(ban)(ban)、銅板(ban)(ban)、鋅板(ban)(ban)。 不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)制(zhi)件：不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)制(zhi)件分不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鐵(tie)(tie)和不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)兩(liang)大(da)類：常稱“430”為不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鐵(tie)(tie)，“304”為純不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)，判別它們方法(fa)之(zhi)一：用磁鐵(tie)(tie)測試，“430”能(neng)被磁鐵(tie)(tie)吸住，而“304”則不(bu)(bu)能(neng)。不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)件比重略高于鐵(tie)(tie)制(zhi)品(pin)，價格卻(que)比鐵(tie)(tie)制(zhi)品(pin)高出4倍之(zhi)多，因此，只有高檔產品(pin)才(cai)使(shi)用。 銅(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)品：銅(tong)(tong)(tong)制(zhi)品分純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)合金(jin)。純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)又(you)稱(cheng)紫銅(tong)(tong)(tong)，強度硬度較(jiao)(jiao)差，但(dan)韌(ren)性好。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)合金(jin)中應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)家(jia)具較(jiao)(jiao)多為(wei)黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)，它(ta)是一種含鋅為(wei)主合金(jin)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)。純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)價(jia)格略(lve)高“304”不(bu)(bu)銹銅(tong)(tong)(tong)30~40％，而黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)則比(bi)純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)低20％價(jia)格。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)合金(jin)硬度、強度比(bi)不(bu)(bu)銹銅(tong)(tong)(tong)略(lve)高，但(dan)易(yi)斷(duan)裂、脆性較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)。家(jia)具中應(ying)用(yong)(yong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)件主要為(wei)拉手、預埋(mai)螺絲(si)。為(wei)了防(fang)止(zhi)“生銹”，純(chun)(chun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)一般要電鍍后才(cai)能使用(yong)(yong)，而黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)則不(bu)(bu)需要，大(da)面積使用(yong)(yong)于(yu)家(jia)具的制(zhi)品較(jiao)(jiao)少。 鋅(xin)制(zhi)品：純(chun)鋅(xin)制(zhi)品使(shi)用較少，主要與以鋅(xin)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)或鋼鐵結合(he)使(shi)用。如(ru)鍍鋅(xin)板、電(dian)解板等。家具中使(shi)用較少，原(yuan)因為鋅(xin)制(zhi)品強度較差。鋅(xin)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)配(pei)件如(ru)偏心扣(kou)、結構件連接點（件）等。鋅(xin)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)比重比鐵略(lve)低約6.8左右，價格(ge)介于鋼鐵和鋁合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)之間，多數鋅(xin)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)以壓鑄件形式生(sheng)產家具配(pei)件。 鈦、鋯合金：此類(lei)屬較(jiao)昂貴金屬，它用于家具(ju)中(zhong)多(duo)數以電(dian)鍍(du)形式出現，用于高(gao)檔(dang)拉手、合頁及高(gao)擋外露連接件或(huo)酒(jiu)店家具(ju)之中(zhong)。其電(dian)鍍(du)成本(ben)比鍍(du)鉻成本(ben)高(gao)40％左右，但(dan)外觀高(gao)檔(dang)類(lei)似金銀(yin)產品(pin)，耐磨性十分好，不會生(sheng)銹。 辦公家具中的鑄件金屬 家具(ju)五金(jin)(jin)(jin)制(zhi)品(pin)中有(you)很(hen)多(duo)采用鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，如拉(la)手、門(men)鉸等，目前(qian)市場流行各種鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)生產工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)方式很(hen)多(duo)，如：精鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)、壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)、澆鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)材料有(you)黃銅、不(bu)銹鋼(gang)、鋅錫合金(jin)(jin)(jin)、鋁合金(jin)(jin)(jin)。鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)產品(pin)特點(dian)：精致、造型特別(bie)等。缺(que)點(dian)為單件(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)本(ben)高(gao)(gao)，不(bu)同鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)成(cheng)本(ben)均不(bu)同，大致高(gao)(gao)到低(di)，精鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)澆鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，模具(ju)造價高(gao)(gao)到低(di)為：壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)精鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)澆鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)產品(pin)缺(que)點(dian)為：生產周期略增，產品(pin)要(yao)經2~3道工(gong)(gong)序(xu)才能做出(chu)合格配件(jian)(jian)(jian)，而(er)配件(jian)(jian)(jian)還要(yao)按不(bu)同要(yao)求進行或電鍍、拋光、拉(la)絲(si)、噴砂(sha)、噴油(you)等。 |
